Main parts of China Manufacturer Railway Wheel and Axle for Wheel Set：
① Wheel seat, the place where the wheel is pressed, is also the part with the largest diameter on the axle; ② journal, the part on the axle that acts on the bearing; ③ axle body, the part between two wheels, the axle body of some passenger and freight car axles gradually shrinks from the wheel seat to the center, and some axle bodies are cylindrical in overall length, the transmission gear of diesel locomotive and electric locomotive and the axle of locomotive with disc brake The mounted brake disc is assembled on the axle body; ④ the transition between the axle journal and the wheel seat on the passenger and freight car axle is equipped with the dust plate of the sliding axle box or the back plate of the rolling axle box; ⑤ the axle collar, The protruding part of the two ends of the passenger and freight car axle compared with the journal is used to prevent the excessive movement of the sliding bearing on the journal, and there is no collar on the rolling bearing axle; ⑥ the back shoulder of the journal, the part of the journal close to the dust-proof plate seat, to avoid the stress concentration caused by the sudden change of the diameter, a circular arc transition is made.
The load imposed on the axle by the rolling stock in operation is constantly changing, and the alternating stress is produced in the axle due to the continuous rotation of the wheel set. Therefore, the endurance limit of axle material must be improved. Therefore, in the manufacturing process, the shaft body shall be processed by full-length rotary cutting, the journal and wheel seat shall be strengthened by rolling, and the load reduction groove shall be set at the wheel seat and the arc transition (rolling bearing) of the rear shoulder of the journal; strict ultrasonic and electromagnetic flaw detection shall be carried out throughout the service life.
The axle is usually solid, but the distribution of Axle Stress on the section is uneven, the closer to the surface, the greater, while the stress in the center is very small. Therefore, it is possible to use hollow axle instead of solid axle to reduce the harmful effect of unsprung weight on rolling stock and line. Although the hollow axle has been used for many years in the railway of some countries, it is still under research and improvement due to the complex stress state in use
